Chemical Equations
Balancing and types of reactions
A balanced equation has the same number of atoms of each element on both sides. Change only the numbers in front of formulas, never the small numbers inside them.
💡 How to balance
- Count the atoms of each element on both sides.
- Start with the element that appears in the fewest formulas; leave hydrogen and oxygen for last.
- Adjust the coefficients until every element balances, then check once more.
Part ABalance these equations
- H₂ + O₂ → H₂O
- Mg + O₂ → MgO
- N₂ + H₂ → NH₃
- Zn + HCl → ZnCl₂ + H₂
- Fe + H₂O → Fe₃O₄ + H₂
- CH₄ + O₂ → CO₂ + H₂O
- Al + O₂ → Al₂O₃
- NaOH + H₂SO₄ → Na₂SO₄ + H₂O
- BaCl₂ + H₂SO₄ → BaSO₄ + HCl
- Fe₂O₃ + Al → Al₂O₃ + Fe
- KClO₃ → KCl + O₂ (heat)
- Pb(NO₃)₂ → PbO + NO₂ + O₂ (heat)
- C₂H₆ + O₂ → CO₂ + H₂O
- Na + H₂O → NaOH + H₂
💡 Types of reactions
- Combination: two or more substances form one product.
- Decomposition: one substance breaks into two or more (by heat, light or electricity).
- Displacement: a more reactive element pushes a less reactive one out of its compound.
- Double displacement: two compounds swap ions, often forming a precipitate.
- Redox: one substance is oxidised while another is reduced.
Part BName the type of reaction
- CaO + H₂O → Ca(OH)₂
- 2FeSO₄ → Fe₂O₃ + SO₂ + SO₃ (heat)
- Fe + CuSO₄ → FeSO₄ + Cu
- Na₂SO₄ + BaCl₂ → BaSO₄ + 2NaCl
- ZnO + C → Zn + CO
- 2AgCl → 2Ag + Cl₂ (sunlight)
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